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备份恢复 | Oracle | 788 次查看 |
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set echo on spool user_DBA_report.txt set pages 333 lin 96 rem 这是一个DBA_Monitor.sql程序,目的是日常监测分析数据库之用。 rem 使用时服务器并不一定要设置为timed_statistics=true。 rem 我希望在你们这里可以发表一个月后,我收集意见后再修改为正式版。 rem 看过的朋友一定提更改意见噢! rem 主要参考《Oracle8 DBA Handbook》,《Oracle8 Tuning》。 rem rem rem --------------------------------------------------- rem 执行说明:本程序第一部分需要DBA权限, rem 第二部分针对实际用户,它们拥有表,索引,Source等。 rem # cat> ding92sql rem sqlplus system/passwd@stamex < rem @dba_monitor.sql rem connect stamexxx/passwd@stamex rem @getuser_objects.sql rem EOFa1 rem exit rem 数据库性能调整包括三方面的内容OS,DB,App) rem OS=操作系统,分别从CPU,Memory,Disk,NetWork rem 查询数据表的:|名称|行数.变化|列数|Initail|Cache|TSpace| rem 查询数据表索引的:|名称|表名|列数|类型|Initial| rem 查询数据表约束:|名称|表名|相关性|类型| rem 查询SQL的频率和效率v_$sqlarea,跟踪到sqls表中 rem 生成并定期执行:index1rebld.sql, index2rebld.sql rem ORACLE数据库情况统计分析程序, 2001.02--2001.05, Ding Jugang rem 1、 参数dbwr_io_slave等三个从属进程可以分别设置为 40:12:6 rem 2、 参数process 一般是实际进程数据的1.5倍, 是为限制进程总数. rem process过大将降低系统的性能,可适当考虑降低该数值到600 rem 3、 当LOG FILE SWITCH时出现等待时,建议加大REDO LOG FILE,一般是30分钟 rem 一次切换。目前是128MB,配合4MB LOG_BUFFER已经可以了(8M也没用). rem 4、 在整个系统较繁忙时检测SHARED_POOL(一般情况下应该空余1/4) rem 5、 SGA应该小于整个物理内存的一半,太大会导致内存换页出现(PI/PO) rem 6、 MTS对于网站应用是理想选择,但在过分繁忙的客户端压力下,MTS会自动失败 rem 而重启专用进程(例如过多的PHP连接),估计是应用类型不兼容。 rem 7、 命令instat,vmstat,top,w 能从OS级评估系统负荷。 rem 监测下面语句的执行结果的变化率,能得出数据库级的硬盘读写流量。 rem select count(FILE#),sum(PHYRDS),sum(PHYWRTS),sum(PHYBLKRD) from sys.V_$filestat; rem================================================================ rem 创建SQL跟踪表SQLS rem create table SQLS as select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where disk_reads>100; rem 择机(有性能怀疑时)执行跟踪, 并执行随后的查询: rem insert into sqls select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where disk_reads>10 and executions<10; rem 1)最高频率的SQL rem select disk_reads,executions,rows_processed,sql_text from SQLS rem where executions> 99 ; rem 2)查询性能最差的SQL: rem select disk_reads,executions,rows_processed,first_load_time,sql_text from SQLS rem order by first_load_time; select disk_reads,executions,rows_processed,first_load_time,sql_text from sys.v_$sqlarea where disk_reads>10 and executions <10 order by first_load_time; rem ======================================================================== rem 567890123456789_1234567890123456789_1234567890123456789_1234567890123456 rem ==RowCache,LibraryCache 依赖于Shared_pool,参看sys.v_$sgastat === rem 此二者当达到95%,现已经达到99% select (sum(pins - reloads))/ sum(pins) "lib cache" from sys.v_$librarycache; select (sum(gets-getmisses-usage-fixed)) / sum(gets) from sys.v_$rowcache; rem ==================== SGA ============================================== rem ======= sys.v_$sgastat,SGA中详细说明 ===================== rem 剩余共享池: 保留Free Memory 大于25% column name format A46 column value format 999999,999,999 select * from sys.v_$sgastat where rownum<5; rem =================== SYS =============================================== rem ========= sys.v_$SYSstat 详细列表,下面是几个指标的算法======= rem 数据缓冲命中率:1- 40#/(39#+38#) = 99.8% > 95% rem 内存排序成功率:1- 162#/(161#) = 99.4% > 92% rem 脏缓冲区平均长度(oracle8i已废除之): 41#/42#=0.06 rem 应用效率:全表扫描<1%, 140#long/(139#short+140#long) column class format 99999 column value format 999999,999,999 select * from sys.v_$sysstat where STATISTIC# in (38,39,40,41,42,43,139,140,141,106,161,162,163); rem 日志缓存要满足空间请求极小,每日300,还可更小: rem LOG_BUFFER=4MB,还可再大。 rem select * from sys.v_$sysstat where name like 'redo%'; rem rem ==================回滚段1============================================== rem 回滚段有效率:waits/gets<1% 即: 无等待命中率NoWait_Hit_Ratio接近于1 rem 回滚段数据量在4---100个,同样规格大小,尽可能稳定不变。 rem alter TABLESPACE RBS DEFAULT STORAGE rem (INITIAL 1M NEXT 1M MINEXTENTS 8 PCTINCREASE 0); rem CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RB21 TABLESPACE RBS; rem ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT RB21 storage( minextents 4 optimal 8M); rem CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RB55 TABLESPACE RBS2 storage(minextents 8 optimal 8M); column Ratios? format 99.9999 select count(*), sum(waits)/sum(gets) from sys.v_$rollstat; rem rssize>=最优保留值optimal,shrinks是动态收缩次数,每小时2次是允许的。 rem 例如,统计信息:rssize=8M,extents=8, waits和shrinks 小于每天2次 select usn,extents,gets,writes,rssize,waits,shrinks from sys.v_$rollstat; rem =======****** 回滚段2 ****=========== rem 这里是回滚段的汇总统计,分析其扩展段之定义。其命中率统计见v_$roolstat rem dba_rollback_segs 下面验证一致性。 select owner,initial_extent,NEXT_EXTENT,Min_EXTENTS,MAX_EXTENTS,count(*), TABLESPACE_NAME,STATUS from dba_rollback_segs group by owner,initial_extent,NEXT_EXTENT,min_extents, MAX_EXTENTS,TABLESPACE_NAME,STATUS; rem dba_rollback_segs --> detail 定义 column SEGMENT_name format a6 column TABLESPACE_NAME format a12 select SEGMENT_name,owner,initial_extent,NEXT_EXTENT,Min_EXTENTS,MAX_EXTENTS, TABLESPACE_NAME,STATUS from dba_rollback_segs; rem ======================== 闩 =========================================== rem 闩-Oracle内部锁,无等待命中率NoWait_Hit_Ratio接近于1 column name format A30 select name, immediate_gets "Imme_gets", immediate_misses "Imme_Mis", round(immediate_gets/(immediate_gets+immediate_misses),3) "nowait_hit_ratio" from sys.v_$latch where immediate_gets+immediate_misses != 0 order by name; rem 闩-Oracle内部锁,命中率HITRATIO(即misses/gets)接近于0 rem sleeps, immediate_gets "Imme_gets", 为了易于阅览,不要换行 column Mis/Get? format 99.999; select name, gets, misses, misses/gets "Mis/Get?", immediate_misses "Imme_Mis" from sys.v_$latch where gets > 0 order by name; rem ================== 系统等待 =========================================== rem 系统等待累计次数和累计时间 column class format A30 select * from sys.v_$waitstat ; column event format A28 select * from sys.v_$system_event order by TOTAL_WAITS; rem ============================================================== rem ================ v_$session_wait ====================================== rem 会话正在等待的累计时间seconds select event,sum(SECONDS_IN_WAIT),count(*) from sys.v_$session_wait group by event ; rem rdbms ipc message 3648 6 rem slave wait 31501 41 太大? rem===================================================================rem 会话等待的累计次数和累计时间 column event format A32 select event,type, sum(total_waits) "Waits", sum(time_waited) "SumTime",count(*) "Count" from sys.v_$session s, sys.v_$session_event e where s.sid = e.sid group by event,type order by type ; rem ================================================================= rem 这里是日志文件和控制 |
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